The motherboard holds the central processing unit, system memory, input / output system, expansion slots, power supply unit interface, audio, networking, and sometimes graphics subsystems.
The CPU carries out the of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of the system.
The Power Supply Unit converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for the internal components of a computer.
The Hard Drive is the computer's main storage media device that permanently stores all data on the computer.
The Clock Battery (RTC) is essentially a quartz watch that runs all the time, whether or not the computer has power. The battery powers this clock. When the computer boots up, part of the process is to query the RTC to get the correct time and date.
The RAM is important because it eliminates the need to swap programs in and out.
The Heat Sink is a passive heat exchanger that cools a device by dissipating heat into the surrounding medium. In computers, heat sinks are used to cool central processing units or graphics processors
